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Diderot, d’Alembert, Voltaire, Rousseau, Montesquieu gibi isimleri bir araya getirecek olan Ansiklopedi, bu eleştirel tutumun somut ifadesi olacaktır.

Bilgi teorisinde büyük çaplı bir dönüşüme yol açacak olan kişi ise Kant’tır: Yaptığı felsefi devrimle, düşüncenin merkezine bilinen nesne yerine bilen özneyi yerleştirir.

Kant ayrıca, XVIII ile XIX. yüzyıllar arasında bir köprü gibidir. Ancak bu köprü işlevi, kendisinden sonraki tüm felsefi tartışmayı koşullamasından ileri gelir. Nitekim neredeyse tüm XIX. yüzyıl felsefi tartışmaları, Kant’a cevap verme çabası olarak okunabilir.

Özellikle Fichte, Schelling ve Hegel’le anılan Alman idealizmini anlamak için gerekli referans noktalarından biri Fransız Devrimi ise, diğeri de Kant’tır. Ne var ki bu üç filozofu ortak bir modele indirgemek zordur. Fichte öznel ve etik bir idealizmi; Schelling estetik temelli; Hegel ise tin kavramına dayalı bir idealizmi temsil eder.

Ürün Adı: Felsefe Tarihi 5 (Ciltli)
Ürün Kodu: 9786254496332
Yazar: Umberto Eco, Riccaedo Fedriga
Basım Yılı: 2022
Kapak Türü: Ciltli
Sayfa Sayısı: 344
Kağıt Cinsi: 2. Hamur
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